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Код каталога 80017151
CAS NO.129618-40-2
Чистота 98%
Номер MDLMFCD00866928
Молекулярная формула EINECC15H14N4O
Молекулярный вес 266.2979
Температура плавления: 247~250°С
| Аспект | Подробнее |
|---|---|
| Механизм действия | Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that directly binds to the catalytic site of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, inhibiting both RNA- and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities. It prevents viral RNA from being transcribed into DNA, thereby blocking viral replication. |
| Клинические применения | It is primarily used to treat HIV-1 infection in adults and children, often as part of a combination antiretroviral therapy to reduce viral load, enhance immune function, and delay disease progression. It is also used to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. |
| Фармакокинетика | Metabolized mainly via the cytochrome P450 system, particularly CYP3A enzymes. It induces its own metabolism, leading to an increase in clearance and a decrease in plasma half-life from approximately 45 hours after a single dose to about 25–30 hours after multiple doses. |
| Развитие сопротивления | Resistance can occur due to mutations in the reverse transcriptase gene, particularly at positions 181 and/or 106. These mutations can reduce the drug’s sensitivity by 100–250 times. |
| Условия хранения | Should be stored in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture. For laboratory use, the powder form can be stored at -20°C for up to 3 years or at 4°C for up to 2 years. In solvent, it can be stored at -80°C for 6 months or -20°C for 1 month. |
| Побочные эффекты | Common side effects include nausea, headache, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and rash. Severe adverse reactions such as hepatotoxicity (including liver failure) and severe skin reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome can occur. |
| Составы | Available as tablets and extended-release tablets. The extended-release form allows for once-daily dosing, improving patient convenience and adherence. |
| Исследования и разработки | Originally approved by the FDA in 1996, it remains a cornerstone in HIV treatment regimens. Ongoing research focuses on optimizing dosing regimens and exploring new formulations to enhance efficacy and reduce side effects. |
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