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Dextran Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chlorideis a cationic surfactant belonging to the quaternary ammonium salt class. It is produced by reacting dextran with hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.
CAS 83855-79-2 Каталог 164070
| Объект | Подробнее |
| Химическое название | Декстран гидроксипропилтримоний хлорид |
| Номер по CAS | Specific CAS number can vary depending on the degree of substitution and the molecular weight of the dextran backbone. Dextran is a polysaccharide with a range of molecular weights, and the addition of hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride groups further complicates the identification. Precise CAS number determination requires detailed knowledge of the substitution pattern and dextran source. |
| Молекулярная формула | Dextran is composed of glucose monomers linked mainly by α – 1,6 – glycosidic bonds, with some α – 1,3 – branches. When hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride groups are introduced, if the dextran has ‘n’ glucose units and’m’ hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride substitution groups, a general formula approximation could be (C₆H₁₀O₅)ₙ[C₃H₆(OH)CH₂N⁺(CH₃)₃Cl⁻]ₘ. The exact formula depends on the position and extent of substitution on the dextran chain. |
| Молекулярная масса | Each glucose unit in dextran has a molecular weight of approximately 162 g/mol. The hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride group has a molecular weight that can be calculated from its atomic composition, approximately adding around 153 g/mol per group. So the molecular weight \(M = 162n + 153m\) g/mol, where ‘n’ is the number of glucose units and’m’ is the number of substitution groups. This can range from a few thousand to hundreds of thousands of daltons, depending on the length of the dextran chain and the degree of substitution. |
| Молекулярная структура | The dextran backbone provides a linear or branched structure based on the glycosidic linkages between glucose units. Hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride groups are attached to the hydroxyl groups on the glucose units of the dextran. The positively charged quaternary ammonium group (-N⁺(CH₃)₃) imparts cationic properties to the molecule. The substitution can occur at different positions on the glucose ring, such as C – 2, C – 3, or C – 6, and the degree of substitution can vary widely. |
| Внешний вид | Usually appears as a white to off – white powder. The powder may have a fine or coarser texture depending on the manufacturing process and the degree of aggregation of the molecules. |
| Растворимость | Dextran hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is highly soluble in water. The cationic nature of the hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride groups enhances its solubility by interacting with water molecules through electrostatic forces. It may also show good solubility in some polar organic solvents, such as lower – molecular – weight alcohols, due to the presence of hydrophilic groups. However, solubility in non – polar organic solvents is negligible. |
| Функция в промышленности | Косметика: Уход за волосами: In hair care products, it acts as a conditioning agent. The cationic groups can bind to the negatively charged hair surface, reducing static, improving combability, and providing a smooth and shiny appearance. It can also help in detangling hair. Уход за кожей: In skin care formulations, it can function as a humectant, helping to retain moisture in the skin. The cationic nature may also enhance the delivery of other active ingredients to the skin by interacting with the negatively charged skin surface. Биомедицинские приложения: Антимикробные покрытия: The cationic properties can be used to create antimicrobial coatings. The positive charge can interact with the negatively charged cell membranes of microorganisms, disrupting their function and potentially killing them. This can be applied in medical devices or wound dressings to prevent infections. Доставка лекарств: Can be used as a component in drug delivery systems. The dextran backbone provides a biocompatible and biodegradable carrier, and the cationic groups can be used for electrostatic interactions with drugs or target cells. |
| Стабильность | Stable under normal storage conditions, typically at room temperature in a dry place. However, it can be sensitive to extreme pH values. At high pH, there may be potential for hydrolysis of the dextran backbone or reactions involving the hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride groups. The presence of certain enzymes can also lead to degradation of the dextran chain. In formulations, appropriate pH – buffering agents and preservatives may be added to enhance stability. |
| Вопросы безопасности | In general, dextran hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is considered safe for use in the concentrations typically used in consumer products. In cosmetics, it has a good safety profile. However, as with any chemical, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to it. In industrial settings, proper handling procedures should be followed to avoid inhalation of dust (if in powder form) and contact with eyes and skin. |
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